The Achievement Gap

A Permanent National Recession

Have you heard of McKinsey & Company? They’re a global management consulting firm, which means that they hire the best and brightest grads from the world’s top universities, then send them around world to solve business problems for governments and large corporations. The folks at McKinsey have a reputation for being particularly good at what they do; in 2007, their annual revenue was over $5 billion.

Recently, however, a team in their non-profit division turned their brainpower towards a different end: analyzing the achievement gap. Last month they published their findings in a report. Chock full of data, the report also has some surprising insights into the gap’s impact on our nation’s economy, as well as some new evidence suggesting that the gap can be closed.

McKinseys new report

McKinsey's new report

The single most fascinating piece of the report is a model of the economic effects of the achievement gap. According to McKinsey’s calculations, closing the black/white and Latino/white achievement gaps would raise the United States GDP by 2-4%. That’s $310-525 billion – bigger than the US recession of the early 1980s. Closing the low-income student/high-income student achievement gap would boost the economy even more: $400-670 billion. And closing the international gap – raising our kids’ performance to levels of students in Finland or Korea – would expand the economy by an incredible $1.3 – $2.3 trillion, a change in GDP much larger than the recession we’re in right now. To give you some perspective, Obama’s economic stimulus package is only $787 billion.

In describing the economic impact of these gaps, the McKinsey folks don’t mince words. According to their calculations, the combined impact of the achievement gaps, “imposes on the United States the economic equivalent of a permanent national recession.” That’s deep.

In addition to examining dollar signs, the McKinsey folks also slice and dice the test score data. Unfortunately, some of their findings reiterate the bad news we’ve heard for years. Black and Latino students tend to be two to three years behind white students of the same age. The average poor black fourth grader in Washington, DC, is five years behind the average non-poor white fourth grader in New Jersey.

However, their analysis of test scores also uncovers some new reasons for optimism. Incredibly, from a national perspective, there are places where the racial achievement gap has closed. Latino eighth-graders in Ohio, for example, outperform white students from thirteen other states in reading; they’re seven points ahead of the national average. At least from the national perspective, these students, teachers, and families are closing the racial gap. In Texas, low-income black students perform at the same level as low-income white students in Alabama – not a high bar, but from a comparative perspective they, too, are closing the gap. These numbers, by the way are from the NAEP, a nationally standardized test that’s our best source of data for state-to-state comparisons.

This is fascinating news, as is a final conclusion the report reaches: schools make a difference. McKinsey found enormous disparities between schools and school districts, even when they served similar student populations. In Texas, one large, urban, 88% low-income middle school had its black students scoring at the 75th percentile statewide; another school with almost identical demographics scored at only the 22nd percentile. We know that poverty and race throw additional obstacles in kids’ paths; clearly, what’s going on in their classrooms and schools can help kids overcome them.

Click here to access the full report.

Share and Enjoy:
  • Facebook
  • TwitThis
  • MySpace
  • email

18 comments to A Permanent National Recession

Leave a Reply

 

 

 

You can use these HTML tags

<a href="" title=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <strike> <strong>